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Event Designators
一个事件标志是在历史列表中的命令行条目的参考。除非引用是绝对的，事件是相对于在历史列表中的当前位置。 ! 启动历史替换 !n 请参阅命令n行。 !-n 参照当前命令减去ñ。 !! 请参考前面的命令。 !string 请参阅开始用绳子历史记录列表中的当前位置前的最新命令。 !?string[?] 指在包含字符串历史列表中的当前位置之前的最近的命令。尾随？如果字符串是由一个新行紧接着可以省略。 ^string1^string2^ 快速替换。重复前面的命令，以string2替换字符串string1。. !# 整个命令行到目前为止输入。Word Designators
字标志用于选择从该事件所需的词语。它可能如果被忽略 单词标志始于^，$，*， - ，或％。字是从该行的开始编号，与第一个字由0（零）来表示。字插入由单个空格分隔当前行。0 (zero)
The zeroth word. For the shell, this is the command word. n The nth word. ^ The first argument. That is, word 1. $ The last word. This is usually the last argument, but will expand to the zeroth word if there is only one word in the line. % The word matched by the most recent?string?' search. x-y A range of words;-y’ abbreviates 0-y'. * All of the words but the zeroth. This is a synonym for1- ′.Itisnotanerrortouse∗ifthereisjustonewordintheevent;theemptystringisreturnedinthatcase.x∗Abbreviatesx− . x- Abbreviates x-$ like x*, but omits the last word. 如果一个字指示符没有事件规范提供时，先前的命令被用作该事件。 Modifiers
h Remove a trailing filename component, leaving only the head. t Remove all leading filename components, leaving the tail. r Remove a trailing suffix of the form .xxx, leaving the basename. e Remove all but the trailing suffix. p Print the new command but do not execute it. q Quote the substituted words, escaping further substitutions. x Quote the substituted words as with q, but break into words at blanks and newlines. s/old/new/ Substitute new for the first occurrence of old in the event line. Any delimiter can be used in place of /. The final delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the event line. The delimiter may be quoted in old and new with a single backslash. If & appears in new, it is replaced by old. A single backslash will quote the &. If old is null, it is set to the last old substituted, or, if no previous history substitutions took place, the last string in a !?string[?] search. & Repeat the previous substitution. g Cause changes to be applied over the entire event line. This is used in conjunction with:s' (e.g.,:gs/old/new/’) or :&'. If used with:s’, any delimiter can be used in place of /, and the final delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the event line. An a may be used as a synonym for g. G Apply the following `s’ modifier once to each word in the event line. 转载地址：http://xnwdb.baihongyu.com/